Ill-Equipped History

40: The Domestication of Animals

We're diving into paleo-genomics today with this episode, where Morgan and Emileigh dive into how animals became domesticated. Learn how man's best friend came to be, and the unique way cats entered our lives! 
 
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Sources: 
MacHugh, David; Larson, Greger; & Orlando, Ludovic. “Taming the Past: Ancient DNA and the Study of Animal Domestication.” (2016). Annual Review of Animal Bioscience, 5: 329-51. doi: 10.11146/annurev-animal-022516-022747
https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-animal-022516-022747
Driscoll, Carlos A.; Macdonald, David W.; & O’Brien, Stephen J. “From wild animals to domestic pets, and evolutionary view of domestication.” (2009). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 106(1). 9971-9978. doi: 10.1073/pnas.090158106
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2702791/
Wilkins, Adam S., Richard W. Wrangham, and W. Tecumseh Fitch. 2014. “The “Domestication Syndrome” in Mammals: A Unified Explanation Based on Neural Crest Cell Behavior and Genetics.” Genetics, 197 (3): 795-808. doi:10.1534/genetics.114.165423. 
https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/12717449/4096361.pdf?sequence=1
McHugo, Gillian P.; Dover, Michael J; & MacHugh, David E. “Unlocking the origins and biology of domestic animals using ancient DNA and paleogenomics.” (2019). BMC Biology, 17(98). doi: 10.1186/s12915-019-0724-7
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6889691/
Driscoll, Carlos A.; Clutton-Brock, Juliet; Kitchener, Andrew C.; & O’Brien, Stephen J. “The Taming of the Cat.” (2009). Scientific American, 300(6), 68-75
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5790555/
Larson, Greger & Fuller, Dorian Q. “The Evolution of Animal Domestication.” (2014). Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 45, 115-36. 
doi: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110512-135813
http://www.palaeobarn.com/sites/domestication.org.uk/files/downloads/112.pdf 
Pennisi, Elizabeth. “The taming of the pig took some wild turns.” (Aug. 31, 2015). 
doi: 10.1126/science.aad1692
https://www.science.org/content/article/taming-pig-took-some-wild-turns
Gon III, Samuel M. & Price, Edward O. “Invertebrate Domestication: Behavioral Considerations” (1984). BioScience, 575-579. doi:10.2307/1309600
 
Sound Credits:
 
https://freesound.org/people/YleArkisto/ 
https://freesound.org/people/kvgarlic/ 
https://freesound.org/people/BiancaBothaPure/ 

39: Board Games Are Older Than You Think

Emileigh and Morgan dive into the world of some of the world's oldest and most popular board games. Every game has a story and you might be surprised by the story your favorite game tells!
 
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Sources: 
https://medium.com/@peterattia/the-full-history-of-board-games-5e622811ce89
https://alexandrallewellyn.com/about/the-history-of-backgammon/
https://www.britannica.com/topic/chess/Development-of-theory
https://ratings.fide.com/profile/8603006
Checkers History video-short
https://libapp.shadygrove.umd.edu/omeka/exhibits/show/international-games-day/history-of-checkers
https://www.invent.org/blog/inventors/milton-bradley-game-of-life
https://www.vox.com/2015/1/28/7924487/game-of-life-history
 

38: History of the Samurai

Morgan and Emileigh explore the history of the samurai throughout medieval and modern Japan. WARNING: discussion of ritual suicide. 
 
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Sources: 
 
Japan: Memoirs of a Secret Empire https://www.pbs.org/empires/japan/enteredo_8.html 
 
Samurai - Encyclopedia Japan https://doyouknowjapan.com/samurai/ 
 
The Age of the Samurai: 1185-1868 http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/japan_1000ce_samurai.htm 
 
Samurai the Last Warrior documentary written and directed by Charlie Shepard
 
History of Japan https://www.japan-guide.com/e/e641.html 
 
https://mai-ko.com/travel/japanese-history/samurai/things-you-may-wonder-about-the-samurai/#:~:text=How%20can%20you%20become%20a,get%20married%20to%20a%20samurai. 
 
https://www.japanesewiki.com/history/Kaihatsu-Ryoshu.html
Music by moodmode from Pixabay
"https://pixabay.com//?utm_source=link-attribution&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=music&utm_content=139092

37: Why Do We Work Out?

Emileigh and Morgan set off to work out why we work out. They discuss not only the history behind it but some of the biggest trends and flops of the industry.
 
Here are the links you'll want to have to follow along with the videos we watch. 
Ain't no damn way. My knees hurt looking at this.
 This is inappropriate
 
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Sources: 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4056176/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQIskz0c5Rw
https://www.mensjournal.com/style/the-25-biggest-fitness-fads-of-all-time
https://greatist.com/fitness/17-biggest-fitness-fads-flopped#14
https://wellness360magazine.com/fitness-trends/
https://wellness360magazine.com/butternut-squash/
https://www.sutori.com/en/story/timeline-of-exercise--MyvKD9qUgt1FtvUngguUFDdV
https://barbend.com/strongest-women-in-history/
https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/10-strongest-men-in-the-world#gid=ci02b8d12f50212491&pid=10-brian-shaw--strongman

36: Washington’s Crossing of the Delaware

December 25th, 1776, was a date that changed American history. Join Morgan and Emileigh as they discuss arguably the most important event during the American Revolutionary War. 
 
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Sources
www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/crossing-of-the-delaware/
www.nj.gov/dep/parksandforsts/historic/washingtoncrossing.html
www.washingtoncrossingpark.org/cross-with-us/history/ 
Revolt! American Revolution 1775-1783 documentary 
The Winter Patriots: A Revolutionary War Tale (Full Movie) by George Washington’s Mount Vernon on YouTube
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Crossing_the_Delaware_(1851_paintings) 
 
Sound Credits:
caquet  
Aeonemi 
BiancaBothaPure 
nebulousflynn 
Setuniman

35: Why Santa Claus Comes to Town

Emileigh and Morgan go back in time and discuss the life of Saint Nicholas and how his legend morphed Santa and the other gift givers we know and love today! 
 
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Sources: 
https://www.history.com/topics/christmas/santa-claus
https://www.stnicholascenter.org/who-is-st-nicholas/compare-santa-st-nicholas#:~:text=Santa%20Claus%2C%20as%20we%20know,the%20hope%2Dfilled%20Christmas%20message.
https://www.stnicholascenter.org/who-is-st-nicholas/patron-saint
Documentary: The Story of Santa 
Documentary: The Legends of Santa (youtube) 
https://naturetravels.wordpress.com/2009/12/04/jultomten-swedens-santa-claus/

34: The History of Christmas

Join Morgan and Emileigh as they talk about one of the most beloved, widely celebrated holidays in the world! Tis the season! 
 
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Sources: 
https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/history-and-civilisation/2021/12/how-christmas-has-evolved-over-centuries
“The History of Christmas” by F.C. Conybeare. The American Journal of Theology, Vol. III, #1. Jan. 1899 https://archive.org/details/jstor-3152491/page/n19/mode/1up?view=theater 
http://www.christmasarchives.com/trees.html (2007)
https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-topics/new-testament/how-december-25-became-christmas/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Peace 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_Eve
https://matzoball.org
https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/christmas-traditions-from-around-the-world 
 

33: The Christmas Truce of 1914

Even in the midst of war, miracle can happen. Emileigh and Morgan dive into the heartwarming yet still tragic story of the most unlikely truce during World War 1 and the history of why they were fighting to begin with. 
 
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Sources: 
https://www.history.com/news/christmas-truce-1914-world-war-i-soldier-accounts
 
https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-I
 
https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history
 
Book: World War 1 by S.L.A. Marshall
 
Book: The Greatest War Stories Never told by Rick Beyer. 
 
War Stories: Christmas Truce WW1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DKNr0i-RT3A
 
https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-merseyside-30479608
 
http://trucestatue.co.uk/about.html#:~:text=A%20people's%20monument%20for%20peace,was%20nicknamed%20by%20the%20troops.
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_truce#:~:text=YouTube%20channel%20Yarnhub.-,Monuments,with%20the%20German%20Battalion%20371.

32: The Stanford Prison Experiment

What would you do if you were given free will do subject others to authoritarian power? What if you were subjected to that power? Morgan and Emileigh discuss the controversial, infamous Stanford Prison Experiment from the 1970s, and learn how absolute power can corrupt anyone. 
 
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Sources: 
https://exhibits.stanford.edu/spe 
https://www.prisonexp.org/ - words from Zimbardo himself 
Feature Film - The Stanford Prison Experiment (Documentary) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_LKzEqlPto 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Zimbardo 
 
Sound effects credits: 
bewagne, tams_kp, mycompasstv, and nightwatcher98 on freesound.org 

31: Thanksgiving: History and Traditions Explained

Emileigh and Morgan dig in on Thanksgiving, and not just the turkey. We explore the rich history of how the holiday evolved and how the traditions we all know today came to be!  
 
Funny Dog Names: Click me for some fun dog names 
Thanksgiving Food Map: https://www.zippia.com/advice/favorite-thanksgiving-sides-2021/
 
 
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Sources: 
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Thanksgiving-Day
https://www.history.com/topics/thanksgiving/history-of-thanksgiving
https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/32646037/nfl-thanksgiving-day-games-history-lions-cowboys-play-every-year-moments-traditions-records
https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/macys-thanksgiving-day-parade-feat/index.html
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/the-puppeteer-who-brought-balloons-to-the-thanksgiving-day-parade-180947863/
https://www.rd.com/article/breaking-a-turkey-wishbone/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Dog_Show#:~:text=The%20show%20is%20held%20by,as%20The%20National%20Dog%20Show.
https://www.britannica.com/story/why-do-we-eat-turkey-on-thanksgiving
https://www.insider.com/why-we-eat-cranberries-on-thanksgiving-2017-11
https://www.history.com/news/the-history-of-pumpkin-pie
https://www.history.com/news/the-history-of-pumpkin-pie
https://www.runnersworld.com/races-places/a20862856/how-the-turkey-trot-became-the-most-popular-race-in-america/
https://www.womansday.com/life/a37376833/thanksgiving-trivia/