Ill-Equipped History

45: The Rarest Day of the Year

Emileigh and Morgan leap into the world of wonky calendars, the science behind leap days, and major events that have happened on the rare February 29th. 
 
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Sources: 
The Longest Year in History 
Live Science: Why do we have leap year 
Leap day Events: Business Insider 
8 Things that Happened on Leap Day 
Columbus and his trickster ways 
Salem Witch Trials 
Salem Witch Museum
Panama Canal
Hattie McDaniel

44: The Indomitable Wilma Rudolph

Join Morgan and Emileigh as they discuss one of the most amazing women athletes of all time, Wilma Rudolph. Growing up in the Jim Crow south, Wilma, with the support of her loved ones, overcame a debilitating disability to become a triple gold medalist. 
 
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Sources:
 
(Re)Presenting Wilma Rudolph by Rita Liberti and Maureen M. Smith (2015)
 
“Rudolph, Wilma Glodean (1940- )”. Famous American Women A Biographical Dictionary from Colonial Times to the Present. (1980). Edited by Robert McHenry. G. & C. Merriam Company, Publishers (Merriam-Webster Inc.)
 
https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/wilma-rudolph
 
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/11/newsid_3554000/3554568.stm
 
“50 stunning Olympic moments No35: Wilma Rudolph’s triple gold in 1960” by Rob Bagchi. The Guardian, Jun. 1 2012
https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/jun/01/50-stunning-olympic-moments-wilma-rudolph
 
“Leaders of Afro-American Nashville. Wilma Rudolph and the TSU Tigerbelles” by Bobby L. Lovett (1997)
https://www.tnstate.edu/library/documents/Rudolph.pdf
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph
 
https://www.cdc.gov/polio/what-is-polio/index.htm
 
https://www.history.com/topics/early-20th-century-us/jim-crow-laws 
Sound Credits: 
GregorQuendel Attribution 4.0 
snapssound 
Kyster Attribution 4.0

43: Fast and Left: The History of NASCAR (Featuring a Special Guest)

Emileigh, Morgan, and their guest go on a high speed journey through the history of NASCAR from the humble beginnings as moonshine runners to today's cars that exceed 200 MPH. 
Videos from the Episode:
Jocko Flocko 
Ross Chastain's video game move to advance to the Championship 4 | NASCAR
https://www.tiktok.com/@dana_beers/video/7238596440036150574?lang=en
 
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Sources: 
https://www.nascar.com/nascar-history
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pc-sv-w4yeA
https://www.britannica.com/sports/stock-car-racing
https://www.nascarhall.com/blog/nascar-cars-through-the-generations
https://www.nascar.com/nascar-cup-series/2024/schedule/
https://sportsnaut.com/best-nascar-drivers-all-time/
https://dailydownforce.com/every-2024-nascar-track-from-oldest-to-youngest/
https://www.biography.com/athletes/dale-earnhardt
https://bleacherreport.com/articles/691527-the-30-best-quotes-in-nascar-history#:~:text=Here%20are%20a%20few%20of,got%20to%20win%20every%20race.%22
https://sportsnaut.com/worst-wrecks-nascar-history/
https://bleacherreport.com/articles/691527-the-30-best-quotes-in-nascar-history
https://www.talladegasuperspeedway.com/news-media/2021/09/16/where-to-build-bill-france-sr-s-vision-becomes-reality-as-alabama-international-motor-speedway-comes-to-life-in-1969/

42: History's Shortest War

In the 1890s, the tiny island of Zanzibar became a protectorate of Great Britain. Not everyone agreed with this move, and the tensions between two entities resulted in the Anglo-Zanzibar war, history's shortest recorded war. 
 
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Sources: 
 
Johnson, Ben. “The Shortest War in History.” (March 1 2015). Historic UK Website. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/The-Shortest-War-in-History/ 
 
Saud Turki, Benyan. “Sayyid Khalid Bin Barghash, Britain and the Throne of Zanzibar.” Oct. 2009. Anaquel de Estudios Arabes, 21. 35-53. 
https://www.academia.edu/22075854/Sayyid_Khalid_Bin_Barghash_Britain_and_the_throne_of_Zanzibar_Sayyid_Khalid_Bin_Barghash_Gran_Breta%C3%B1a_y_el_trono_de_Zanzibar 
 
Anglo-Zanzibar War: History’s Shortest War by Warographics on YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8ZHb2z-4V8 
 
https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Tanzania
 
https://www.britannica.com/place/Zanzibar-Tanzania
 
https://www.african-adventures.co.uk/a-brief-history-of-zanzibar/
 
https://diplomacy.state.gov/encyclopedia/protectorate/

41: The Imperial Trans Antarctic Expedition: Endurance and Aurora

In 1914, Shackleton and his crew, aboard two ships, voyaged to Antarctica with the purpose of crossing the frozen landscape from end to end. The expedition didn't go as planned and the resulting story is one of survival, bravery, and true endurance. 
 
Links you'll need to reference: 
Map of Expedition 
List of Crew
Footage of their voyage
Underwater footage of the Endurance
 
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Sources: 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYzfGGG-BGU
https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/History/antarctic_ships/endurance.php
https://people.howstuffworks.com/why-is-it-bad-luck-to-change-name-ship.ht
https://swmaps.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Endurance_Map_swmaps.jpg
https://www.rct.uk/collection/themes/exhibitions/the-heart-of-the-great-alone/the-queens-gallery-buckingham-palace/elephant-island-1916
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/australasia/hero-who-rebelled-against-shackleton-is-honoured-with-statue-of-beloved-cat-733172.html
https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/mrs-chippy-monument
https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/History/antarctic_ships/aurora.php#google_vignette
https://endurance22.org/history-of-endurance
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Henry-Shackleton

40: The Domestication of Animals

We're diving into paleo-genomics today with this episode, where Morgan and Emileigh dive into how animals became domesticated. Learn how man's best friend came to be, and the unique way cats entered our lives! 
 
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Email us!illequippedhistory@gmail.com
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Donate to our Patreon!https://www.patreon.com/illequippedhistory
 
Sources: 
MacHugh, David; Larson, Greger; & Orlando, Ludovic. “Taming the Past: Ancient DNA and the Study of Animal Domestication.” (2016). Annual Review of Animal Bioscience, 5: 329-51. doi: 10.11146/annurev-animal-022516-022747
https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-animal-022516-022747
Driscoll, Carlos A.; Macdonald, David W.; & O’Brien, Stephen J. “From wild animals to domestic pets, and evolutionary view of domestication.” (2009). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 106(1). 9971-9978. doi: 10.1073/pnas.090158106
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2702791/
Wilkins, Adam S., Richard W. Wrangham, and W. Tecumseh Fitch. 2014. “The “Domestication Syndrome” in Mammals: A Unified Explanation Based on Neural Crest Cell Behavior and Genetics.” Genetics, 197 (3): 795-808. doi:10.1534/genetics.114.165423. 
https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/12717449/4096361.pdf?sequence=1
McHugo, Gillian P.; Dover, Michael J; & MacHugh, David E. “Unlocking the origins and biology of domestic animals using ancient DNA and paleogenomics.” (2019). BMC Biology, 17(98). doi: 10.1186/s12915-019-0724-7
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6889691/
Driscoll, Carlos A.; Clutton-Brock, Juliet; Kitchener, Andrew C.; & O’Brien, Stephen J. “The Taming of the Cat.” (2009). Scientific American, 300(6), 68-75
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5790555/
Larson, Greger & Fuller, Dorian Q. “The Evolution of Animal Domestication.” (2014). Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 45, 115-36. 
doi: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110512-135813
http://www.palaeobarn.com/sites/domestication.org.uk/files/downloads/112.pdf 
Pennisi, Elizabeth. “The taming of the pig took some wild turns.” (Aug. 31, 2015). 
doi: 10.1126/science.aad1692
https://www.science.org/content/article/taming-pig-took-some-wild-turns
Gon III, Samuel M. & Price, Edward O. “Invertebrate Domestication: Behavioral Considerations” (1984). BioScience, 575-579. doi:10.2307/1309600
 
Sound Credits:
 
https://freesound.org/people/YleArkisto/ 
https://freesound.org/people/kvgarlic/ 
https://freesound.org/people/BiancaBothaPure/ 

39: Board Games Are Older Than You Think

Emileigh and Morgan dive into the world of some of the world's oldest and most popular board games. Every game has a story and you might be surprised by the story your favorite game tells!
 
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Sources: 
https://medium.com/@peterattia/the-full-history-of-board-games-5e622811ce89
https://alexandrallewellyn.com/about/the-history-of-backgammon/
https://www.britannica.com/topic/chess/Development-of-theory
https://ratings.fide.com/profile/8603006
Checkers History video-short
https://libapp.shadygrove.umd.edu/omeka/exhibits/show/international-games-day/history-of-checkers
https://www.invent.org/blog/inventors/milton-bradley-game-of-life
https://www.vox.com/2015/1/28/7924487/game-of-life-history
 

38: History of the Samurai

Morgan and Emileigh explore the history of the samurai throughout medieval and modern Japan. WARNING: discussion of ritual suicide. 
 
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Sources: 
 
Japan: Memoirs of a Secret Empire https://www.pbs.org/empires/japan/enteredo_8.html 
 
Samurai - Encyclopedia Japan https://doyouknowjapan.com/samurai/ 
 
The Age of the Samurai: 1185-1868 http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/japan_1000ce_samurai.htm 
 
Samurai the Last Warrior documentary written and directed by Charlie Shepard
 
History of Japan https://www.japan-guide.com/e/e641.html 
 
https://mai-ko.com/travel/japanese-history/samurai/things-you-may-wonder-about-the-samurai/#:~:text=How%20can%20you%20become%20a,get%20married%20to%20a%20samurai. 
 
https://www.japanesewiki.com/history/Kaihatsu-Ryoshu.html
Music by moodmode from Pixabay
"https://pixabay.com//?utm_source=link-attribution&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=music&utm_content=139092

37: Why Do We Work Out?

Emileigh and Morgan set off to work out why we work out. They discuss not only the history behind it but some of the biggest trends and flops of the industry.
 
Here are the links you'll want to have to follow along with the videos we watch. 
Ain't no damn way. My knees hurt looking at this.
 This is inappropriate
 
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Sources: 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4056176/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQIskz0c5Rw
https://www.mensjournal.com/style/the-25-biggest-fitness-fads-of-all-time
https://greatist.com/fitness/17-biggest-fitness-fads-flopped#14
https://wellness360magazine.com/fitness-trends/
https://wellness360magazine.com/butternut-squash/
https://www.sutori.com/en/story/timeline-of-exercise--MyvKD9qUgt1FtvUngguUFDdV
https://barbend.com/strongest-women-in-history/
https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/10-strongest-men-in-the-world#gid=ci02b8d12f50212491&pid=10-brian-shaw--strongman

36: Washington’s Crossing of the Delaware

December 25th, 1776, was a date that changed American history. Join Morgan and Emileigh as they discuss arguably the most important event during the American Revolutionary War. 
 
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Sources
www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/crossing-of-the-delaware/
www.nj.gov/dep/parksandforsts/historic/washingtoncrossing.html
www.washingtoncrossingpark.org/cross-with-us/history/ 
Revolt! American Revolution 1775-1783 documentary 
The Winter Patriots: A Revolutionary War Tale (Full Movie) by George Washington’s Mount Vernon on YouTube
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Crossing_the_Delaware_(1851_paintings) 
 
Sound Credits:
caquet  
Aeonemi 
BiancaBothaPure 
nebulousflynn 
Setuniman