Ill-Equipped History

47: The Watergate Affair Part 2

Morgan and Emileigh continue the crazy tale of the Watergate scandal, focusing on the Senate hearings, the releasing of the tapes, and Congress' steps towards Nixon's impeachment. 
 
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Ep. 2 Sources
 
Documentary: Watergate: Blueprint for a Scandal series by CNN (discovery+) 2022
 
“Watergate: Who Did What and Where Are They Now?” Alice Popovici, history.com. (updated 2023) 
https://www.history.com/news/watergate-where-are-they-now
 
https://watergate.info/
 
https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/investigations/watergate.htm 
 
“The Watergate Files” presented by the Gerald R. Ford Library and Museum
https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/museum/exhibits/Watergate_files/content.php?section=1&page=a
 
“The Watergate Hearings,” American Archive of Public Broadcasting
https://americanarchive.org/special_collections/watergate 
 
“Watergate and the Constitution” (2017)
https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/watergate-constitution
 
“How federal impeachment works” (2024)
https://www.usa.gov/impeachment 
 
“The Saturday Night Massacre: How our Constitution trumped a reckless President,” by Ken Gormley (2015)
https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/the-saturday-night-massacre-40-years-later-how-our-constitution-trumped-a-r 
 
“Nov. 17, 1973 | Nixon Declares ‘I Am Not a Crook’” (2011)
https://archive.nytimes.com/learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/11/17/nov-17-1973-nixon-declares-i-am-not-a-crook/ 
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E._Howard_Hunt
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Colson
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Ehrlichman  
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._R._Haldeman
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_N._Mitchell  
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dean 
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon 
 
“Smoking Gun” audio recording: https://watergate.info/1972/06/23/the-smoking-gun-tape.html 
 
Sound Credits: 
 
Rodeoclash https://freesound.org/people/Rodeoclash/sounds/401192/ 
titi2 https://freesound.org/people/titi2/sounds/509937/

46: The Watergate Affair Part 1

Join Morgan and Emileigh as they dive into the Nixon administration in the United States. Learn how the President and his loyal cronies would do whatever it took to keep power, including one of the most notorious constitutional violations in American history. 
 
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Ep 1 Sources: 
 
Documentary: Watergate: Blueprint for a Scandal series by CNN (discovery+) 2022
 
“Richard Nixon.” Biography.com (2021)
https://www.biography.com/political-figures/richard-nixon
 
https://www.enemieslist.info/ 
 
https://www.archives.gov/research/pentagon-papers 
 
“How The Pentagon Papers Changed Public Perception Of The War In Vietnam” Terry Gross, NPR (2021)
https://www.npr.org/2021/06/18/1007573283/how-the-pentagon-papers-changed-public-perception-of-the-war-in-vietnam
 
“Daniel Ellsberg, Who Leaked the Pentagon Papers, Is Dead at 92” Robert D. McFadden, New York Times. (2023)
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/16/us/daniel-ellsberg-dead.html
 
“Lawrence F. O’Brien, 73; He Was Target of 1972 Watergate Break-In” Myrna Oliver, Los Angeles Times. (1990)
https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-09-29-mn-1122-story.html
 
“5 Held in Plot to Bug Democrats' Office Here” Alfred E. Lewis, Washington Post (1972). 
https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/watergate/articles/061872-1.htm
 
“The Democrat who cried (maybe) in New Hampshire and lost the presidential nomination” Robert Mitchell, Washington Post (2020)
https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2020/02/09/new-hampshire-ed-muskie-tears-primary/
 
“Nixon Debated Paying Blackmail, Clemency: ‘Keep Cap on Bottle’” Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, Washington Post (1974)
https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/nixon-debated-paying-blackmail-clemency-keep-cap-on-bottle/2012/06/04/gJQABnH1IV_story.html
 
https://watergate.info/
 
“American Social Policy in the 1960’s and 1970’s” Jerry D. Marx
https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/war-on-poverty/american-social-policy-in-the-60s-and-70s/
 
“The Nation: White House Intrigue: Colson v. Dean” Time Magazine. (1973)
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,879211-1,00.html 
 
“Watergate: Who Did What and Where Are They Now?” Alice Popovici, history.com. (updated 2023) 
https://www.history.com/news/watergate-where-are-they-now
 
“Cancer on the Presidency” recording: https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/index.php/media/33365
 
Sound Credits: 
Reg1n0ld https://freesound.org/people/Reg1n0ld/sounds/508714/ 

45: The Rarest Day of the Year

Emileigh and Morgan leap into the world of wonky calendars, the science behind leap days, and major events that have happened on the rare February 29th. 
 
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Sources: 
The Longest Year in History 
Live Science: Why do we have leap year 
Leap day Events: Business Insider 
8 Things that Happened on Leap Day 
Columbus and his trickster ways 
Salem Witch Trials 
Salem Witch Museum
Panama Canal
Hattie McDaniel

44: The Indomitable Wilma Rudolph

Join Morgan and Emileigh as they discuss one of the most amazing women athletes of all time, Wilma Rudolph. Growing up in the Jim Crow south, Wilma, with the support of her loved ones, overcame a debilitating disability to become a triple gold medalist. 
 
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Sources:
 
(Re)Presenting Wilma Rudolph by Rita Liberti and Maureen M. Smith (2015)
 
“Rudolph, Wilma Glodean (1940- )”. Famous American Women A Biographical Dictionary from Colonial Times to the Present. (1980). Edited by Robert McHenry. G. & C. Merriam Company, Publishers (Merriam-Webster Inc.)
 
https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/wilma-rudolph
 
http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/11/newsid_3554000/3554568.stm
 
“50 stunning Olympic moments No35: Wilma Rudolph’s triple gold in 1960” by Rob Bagchi. The Guardian, Jun. 1 2012
https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2012/jun/01/50-stunning-olympic-moments-wilma-rudolph
 
“Leaders of Afro-American Nashville. Wilma Rudolph and the TSU Tigerbelles” by Bobby L. Lovett (1997)
https://www.tnstate.edu/library/documents/Rudolph.pdf
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilma_Rudolph
 
https://www.cdc.gov/polio/what-is-polio/index.htm
 
https://www.history.com/topics/early-20th-century-us/jim-crow-laws 
Sound Credits: 
GregorQuendel Attribution 4.0 
snapssound 
Kyster Attribution 4.0

43: Fast and Left: The History of NASCAR (Featuring a Special Guest)

Emileigh, Morgan, and their guest go on a high speed journey through the history of NASCAR from the humble beginnings as moonshine runners to today's cars that exceed 200 MPH. 
Videos from the Episode:
Jocko Flocko 
Ross Chastain's video game move to advance to the Championship 4 | NASCAR
https://www.tiktok.com/@dana_beers/video/7238596440036150574?lang=en
 
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Sources: 
https://www.nascar.com/nascar-history
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pc-sv-w4yeA
https://www.britannica.com/sports/stock-car-racing
https://www.nascarhall.com/blog/nascar-cars-through-the-generations
https://www.nascar.com/nascar-cup-series/2024/schedule/
https://sportsnaut.com/best-nascar-drivers-all-time/
https://dailydownforce.com/every-2024-nascar-track-from-oldest-to-youngest/
https://www.biography.com/athletes/dale-earnhardt
https://bleacherreport.com/articles/691527-the-30-best-quotes-in-nascar-history#:~:text=Here%20are%20a%20few%20of,got%20to%20win%20every%20race.%22
https://sportsnaut.com/worst-wrecks-nascar-history/
https://bleacherreport.com/articles/691527-the-30-best-quotes-in-nascar-history
https://www.talladegasuperspeedway.com/news-media/2021/09/16/where-to-build-bill-france-sr-s-vision-becomes-reality-as-alabama-international-motor-speedway-comes-to-life-in-1969/

42: History's Shortest War

In the 1890s, the tiny island of Zanzibar became a protectorate of Great Britain. Not everyone agreed with this move, and the tensions between two entities resulted in the Anglo-Zanzibar war, history's shortest recorded war. 
 
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Sources: 
 
Johnson, Ben. “The Shortest War in History.” (March 1 2015). Historic UK Website. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofBritain/The-Shortest-War-in-History/ 
 
Saud Turki, Benyan. “Sayyid Khalid Bin Barghash, Britain and the Throne of Zanzibar.” Oct. 2009. Anaquel de Estudios Arabes, 21. 35-53. 
https://www.academia.edu/22075854/Sayyid_Khalid_Bin_Barghash_Britain_and_the_throne_of_Zanzibar_Sayyid_Khalid_Bin_Barghash_Gran_Breta%C3%B1a_y_el_trono_de_Zanzibar 
 
Anglo-Zanzibar War: History’s Shortest War by Warographics on YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x8ZHb2z-4V8 
 
https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Tanzania
 
https://www.britannica.com/place/Zanzibar-Tanzania
 
https://www.african-adventures.co.uk/a-brief-history-of-zanzibar/
 
https://diplomacy.state.gov/encyclopedia/protectorate/

41: The Imperial Trans Antarctic Expedition: Endurance and Aurora

In 1914, Shackleton and his crew, aboard two ships, voyaged to Antarctica with the purpose of crossing the frozen landscape from end to end. The expedition didn't go as planned and the resulting story is one of survival, bravery, and true endurance. 
 
Links you'll need to reference: 
Map of Expedition 
List of Crew
Footage of their voyage
Underwater footage of the Endurance
 
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Sources: 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYzfGGG-BGU
https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/History/antarctic_ships/endurance.php
https://people.howstuffworks.com/why-is-it-bad-luck-to-change-name-ship.ht
https://swmaps.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Endurance_Map_swmaps.jpg
https://www.rct.uk/collection/themes/exhibitions/the-heart-of-the-great-alone/the-queens-gallery-buckingham-palace/elephant-island-1916
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/australasia/hero-who-rebelled-against-shackleton-is-honoured-with-statue-of-beloved-cat-733172.html
https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/mrs-chippy-monument
https://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/History/antarctic_ships/aurora.php#google_vignette
https://endurance22.org/history-of-endurance
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernest-Henry-Shackleton

40: The Domestication of Animals

We're diving into paleo-genomics today with this episode, where Morgan and Emileigh dive into how animals became domesticated. Learn how man's best friend came to be, and the unique way cats entered our lives! 
 
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Donate to our Patreon!https://www.patreon.com/illequippedhistory
 
Sources: 
MacHugh, David; Larson, Greger; & Orlando, Ludovic. “Taming the Past: Ancient DNA and the Study of Animal Domestication.” (2016). Annual Review of Animal Bioscience, 5: 329-51. doi: 10.11146/annurev-animal-022516-022747
https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-animal-022516-022747
Driscoll, Carlos A.; Macdonald, David W.; & O’Brien, Stephen J. “From wild animals to domestic pets, and evolutionary view of domestication.” (2009). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 106(1). 9971-9978. doi: 10.1073/pnas.090158106
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2702791/
Wilkins, Adam S., Richard W. Wrangham, and W. Tecumseh Fitch. 2014. “The “Domestication Syndrome” in Mammals: A Unified Explanation Based on Neural Crest Cell Behavior and Genetics.” Genetics, 197 (3): 795-808. doi:10.1534/genetics.114.165423. 
https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/12717449/4096361.pdf?sequence=1
McHugo, Gillian P.; Dover, Michael J; & MacHugh, David E. “Unlocking the origins and biology of domestic animals using ancient DNA and paleogenomics.” (2019). BMC Biology, 17(98). doi: 10.1186/s12915-019-0724-7
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6889691/
Driscoll, Carlos A.; Clutton-Brock, Juliet; Kitchener, Andrew C.; & O’Brien, Stephen J. “The Taming of the Cat.” (2009). Scientific American, 300(6), 68-75
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5790555/
Larson, Greger & Fuller, Dorian Q. “The Evolution of Animal Domestication.” (2014). Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. 45, 115-36. 
doi: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110512-135813
http://www.palaeobarn.com/sites/domestication.org.uk/files/downloads/112.pdf 
Pennisi, Elizabeth. “The taming of the pig took some wild turns.” (Aug. 31, 2015). 
doi: 10.1126/science.aad1692
https://www.science.org/content/article/taming-pig-took-some-wild-turns
Gon III, Samuel M. & Price, Edward O. “Invertebrate Domestication: Behavioral Considerations” (1984). BioScience, 575-579. doi:10.2307/1309600
 
Sound Credits:
 
https://freesound.org/people/YleArkisto/ 
https://freesound.org/people/kvgarlic/ 
https://freesound.org/people/BiancaBothaPure/ 

39: Board Games Are Older Than You Think

Emileigh and Morgan dive into the world of some of the world's oldest and most popular board games. Every game has a story and you might be surprised by the story your favorite game tells!
 
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Sources: 
https://medium.com/@peterattia/the-full-history-of-board-games-5e622811ce89
https://alexandrallewellyn.com/about/the-history-of-backgammon/
https://www.britannica.com/topic/chess/Development-of-theory
https://ratings.fide.com/profile/8603006
Checkers History video-short
https://libapp.shadygrove.umd.edu/omeka/exhibits/show/international-games-day/history-of-checkers
https://www.invent.org/blog/inventors/milton-bradley-game-of-life
https://www.vox.com/2015/1/28/7924487/game-of-life-history
 

38: History of the Samurai

Morgan and Emileigh explore the history of the samurai throughout medieval and modern Japan. WARNING: discussion of ritual suicide. 
 
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Sources: 
 
Japan: Memoirs of a Secret Empire https://www.pbs.org/empires/japan/enteredo_8.html 
 
Samurai - Encyclopedia Japan https://doyouknowjapan.com/samurai/ 
 
The Age of the Samurai: 1185-1868 http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/japan_1000ce_samurai.htm 
 
Samurai the Last Warrior documentary written and directed by Charlie Shepard
 
History of Japan https://www.japan-guide.com/e/e641.html 
 
https://mai-ko.com/travel/japanese-history/samurai/things-you-may-wonder-about-the-samurai/#:~:text=How%20can%20you%20become%20a,get%20married%20to%20a%20samurai. 
 
https://www.japanesewiki.com/history/Kaihatsu-Ryoshu.html
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